What are the Chances of That?

Five reasons that we find it hard to think about uncertainty

by Andrew C. A. Elliott

What are the Chances of That? is a new book from the author of Is That a Big Number?. It will be published by Oxford University Press in 2021, and will be available from all good booksellers (details to come).

Here's an idea of what the book contains:


Introduction - Living in an Uncertain World

Understanding chance can be a matter of life and death - five dualities that confuse us when we think about uncertainty - what this book is NOT - what this book IS - the language we use to talk about chance - Ways to show chance.


Part 1 - Pure Chance

John Scarne: White-hat Hustler

Meet the man who wrote the book on games of chance.

The Roll of the Dice

Games of chance - What is probability, anyway? - Sarah plays roulette - Paul plays craps - how long is the long run? - asymmetry between gambler and casino.

Reckoning the Chances

Rolling the bones - quantifying chance - Cardano, Fermat, Pascal, Huygens, Bernoulli - what took them so long?

Random Thoughts

What is randomness? - quantum - entropy - generating randomness - the continuous casino.

Patterns of Probability

Kinds of randomness - counting the ways - how long to wait? - what is normal? - models and reality.


Part 2 - The Chances of Life

John Graunt: Watching the Hatching and Dispatching

In seventeenth-century London, he counted them in and he counted them out.

Isn't that a Coincidence?

The compulsion to find meaning in mere chance - the anatomy of coincidence - how to explain away a coincidence - the inevitability of miracles.

Finding Fortune

The luckiest man in the world - the wheel of fortune - using chance for bad guidance - using chance for good guidance - the paradox of fairness.

Taking a Gamble

The thrill of risk - lotteries - chances of poker hands - racetrack odds - betting on politics - wonderful wagers.

Danger of Death

How do we die? - causes of death in John Graunt's London - causes of death in modern Britain - when do we die? - childhood mortality.

What's There to Worry About?

Reflections on an imminent pandemic - lifestyle risks - unnatural deaths - risks of travel - natural disasters - violence.


Part 3 - Happy Accidents

Iannis Xenakis: Maker of Mathematical Music

What happens when an engineer-architect turns his hand to avant-garde music?

Chance Discoveries

Buried treasure - the role of sloppy laboratories in chemistry - a taxonomy of serendipity - accidental or inevitable?

Mixing it Up

Random Mozart - musical improvisation - using chance in composition - sponaneity.

A Chance to Live

The role of chance in assembling DNA - random damage to DNA - the chance of evolving a banana - evolution seen through the five dualities - what are the chances that we are here now?.

Random Technologies

Beautiful noise - jittering, dithering, and scrambling - evolution in the machine - genetic algorithms.


Part 4 - Taking Charge of Chance

Florence Nightingale: the Lady with the Stats

She made her name in the Scutari Hospital during the Crimean War, but her real achievements came afterwards.

Weight of Evidence

The probability of past events - the burden of proof - the Reverend Bayes - measuring evidence - fallible prosecutors - priors and prejudice.

Clarity from Chaos

The mathematical underpinning of reality - seeing through the mist - in search of causes - the damage done by smoking cigarettes - in search of understanding.

Sharing the Risk

Insuring astronauts - safety in numbers - mutuality - marine insurance - fire insurance - life insurance - too much information? - pools and floods.

Shaping the Risk

Backgammon - hedging - avoiding financial risk - seeking financial risk - systemic risk

What's Coming Next?

Is an umbrella needed? - chaos - chained events in political predictions - the end is nigh (again) - the millennium bug and the ozone hole - the threats that face us now.


Last Chance

It's no game - a sixth duality - take your chances.

Read all about it!

What are the Chances of That? - the book - will be published in 2021.

Five reasons that we find it hard to think about uncertainty.

Click here to learn more about it.

Is That a Big Number? - the book - is now available from all good booksellers.

"This is a fun and riveting book. Written in an accessible and engaging way, it is unputdownable." Frost Magazine

Click here to learn more about it.

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